php-src 安装遇到问题

by 夏泽民 Aug 11, 2020

$./configure
-bash: ./configure: No such file or directory

$autoconf

$./configure
checking for grep that handles long lines and -e… /usr/bin/grep

checking for bison version… ./configure: line 5571: -z: command not found
2.3
configure: error: bison 3.0.0 or later is required to generate PHP parsers (excluded versions: none).

$brew upgrade bison
Updating Homebrew…
^C
Warning: You are using macOS 10.11.
We (and Apple) do not provide support for this old version.
You will encounter build failures with some formulae.
Please create pull requests instead of asking for help on Homebrew’s GitHub,
Discourse, Twitter or IRC. You are responsible for resolving any issues you
experience while you are running this old version.

==> Upgrading 1 outdated package:
bison 3.6.2 -> 3.7

Error: You are using macOS 10.11.
We (and Apple) do not provide support for this old version.
You will encounter build failures with some formulae.
Please create pull requests instead of asking for help on Homebrew’s GitHub,
Discourse, Twitter or IRC. You are responsible for resolving any issues you
experience while you are running this old version.

$brew list bison
/usr/local/Cellar/bison/3.6.2/bin/bison
/usr/local/Cellar/bison/3.6.2/bin/yacc
/usr/local/Cellar/bison/3.6.2/lib/liby.a

$vi ~/.bashrc

alias bison=”/usr/local/Cellar/bison/3.6.2/bin/bison”

$source ~/.bashrc

$bison -V
bison (GNU Bison) 3.6.2
由 Robert Corbett 和 Richard Stallman 编写。

版权所有 (C) 2020 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
这是自由软件；请参考源代码的版权声明。本软件不提供任何保证，甚至不会包括
可售性或适用于任何特定目的的保证。

$./configure

checking for bison version… ./configure: line 5571: -z: command not found
2.3
configure: error: bison 3.0.0 or later is required to generate PHP parsers (excluded versions: none).

退出shell
重新进来解决

./configure: line 94543: ./main/php_config.h.in: No such file or directory

config.status: error: cannot find input file: `main/php_config.h.in’

http://www.phpinternalsbook.com/php5/build_system/building_php.html

$autoheader

The main job of these makefiles is to run autoconf to generate the ./configure script and autoheader to generate the main/php_config.h.in template. The latter file will be used by configure to generate the final configuration header file main/php_config.h.

问题解决

make -j4

ext/opcache/jit/zend_jit_perf_dump.c:105:20: error: use of undeclared identifier ‘CLOCK_MONOTONIC’
if (clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &ts) != 0) {
^

$autoconf
configure.in:2: error: possibly undefined macro: dnl
If this token and others are legitimate, please use m4_pattern_allow.
See the Autoconf documentation.
configure.in:163: error: possibly undefined macro: AC_MSG_ERROR
configure.in:247: error: possibly undefined macro: AC_MSG_CHECKING
configure.in:261: error: possibly undefined macro: AC_MSG_RESULT
configure.in:458: error: possibly undefined macro: AC_DEFINE

php -r “copy(‘https://install.phpcomposer.com/installer’, ‘composer-setup.php’);”

Warning: copy(): Unable to find the wrapper “https” - did you forget to enable it when you configured PHP? in Command line code on line 1
PHP Warning: copy(https://install.phpcomposer.com/installer): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in Command line code on line 1

Warning: copy(https://install.phpcomposer.com/installer): failed to open stream: No such file or directory in Command line code on line 1

php -r “copy(‘https://install.phpcomposer.com/installer’, ‘composer-setup.php’);”
php composer-setup.php
php -r “unlink(‘composer-setup.php’);”

执行第一条命令下载下来的 composer-setup.php 脚本将简单地检测 php.ini 中的参数设置，如果某些参数未正确设置则会给出警告；然后下载最新版本的 composer.phar 文件到当前目录。

上述 3 条命令的作用依次是：

下载安装脚本－ composer-setup.php －到当前目录。
执行安装过程。
删除安装脚本。

https://getcomposer.org/download/

cd ext/openssl/
phpize

make失败php7.1不支持openssl

方式二

curl -O https://getcomposer.org/download/1.4.1/composer.phar

https://getcomposer.org/download/

~$axel -n 30 https://getcomposer.org/download/1.4.1/composer.phar

PHP Fatal error: Uncaught PharException: phar “/Users/didi/composer.phar” has a broken signature in /Users/didi/composer.phar:23
Stack trace:
#0 /Users/didi/composer.phar(23): Phar::mapPhar(‘composer.phar’)
#1 {main}
thrown in /Users/didi/composer.phar on line 23

Fatal error: Uncaught PharException: phar “/Users/didi/composer.phar” has a broken signature in /Users/didi/composer.phar:23
Stack trace:
#0 /Users/didi/composer.phar(23): Phar::mapPhar(‘composer.phar’)
#1 {main}
thrown in /Users/didi/composer.phar on line 23

解决：可能是composer.phar文件损坏，可以下载最新文件快照（下载地址：https://getcomposer.org/composer.phar），并覆盖”C

$composer -v
You are running Composer with SSL/TLS protection disabled.
__
/ __/_ __ ___ __ __ ____ ___
/ / / __ \/ __ `__ \/ __ \/ __ \/ / _ \/ __/
/ // // / / / / / / // / // (__ ) / /
_/_// // // ./_//___//
/_/
Composer version 1.4.1 2017-03-10 09:29:45

Usage:
command [options] [arguments]

问题完满解决

sh: composer: command not found
Script composer clearcache handling the pre-update-cmd event returned with error code 127

$composer update –no-scripts

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22855602/script-php-artisan-clear-compiled-handling-the-pre-update-cmd-event-returned-wit

Building PHP
This chapter explains how you can compile PHP in a way that is suitable for development of extensions or core modifications. We will only cover builds on Unixoid systems. If you wish to build PHP on Windows, you should take a look at the step-by-step build instructions in the PHP wiki [1].

This chapter also provides an overview of how the PHP build system works and which tools it uses, but a detailed description is outside the scope of this book.

[1] Disclaimer: We are not liable for any adverse health effects caused by the attempt to compile PHP on Windows.
Why not use packages?
If you are currently using PHP, you likely installed it through your package manager, using a command like sudo apt-get install php. Before explaining the actual compilation you should first understand why doing your own compile is necessary and you can’t just use a prebuilt package. There are multiple reasons for this:

Firstly, the prebuilt package only contains the resulting binaries, but misses other things that are necessary to compile extensions, e.g. header files. This can be easily remedied by installing a development package, which is typically called php-dev. To facilitate debugging with valgrind or gdb one could additionally install debug symbols, which are usually available as another package called php-dbg.

But even if you install headers and debug symbols, you’ll still be working with a release build of PHP. This means that it will be built with high optimization level, which can make debugging very hard. Furthermore release builds will not generate warnings about memory leaks or inconsistent data structures. Additionally prebuilt packages don’t enable thread safety, which is very helpful during development.

Another issue is that nearly all distributions apply additional patches to PHP. In some cases these patches only contain minor changes related to configuration, but some distributions make use of highly intrusive patches like Suhosin. Some of these patches are known to introduce incompatibilities with low-level extensions like opcache.

PHP only provides support for the software as provided on php.net and not for the distribution-modified versions. If you want to report bugs, submit patches or make use of our help channels for extension-writing, you should always work against the official PHP version. When we talk about “PHP” in this book, we’re always referring to the officially supported version.

Obtaining the source code
Before you can build PHP you first need to obtain its source code. There are two ways to do this: You can either download an archive from PHP’s download page or clone the git repository from git.php.net (or the mirror on Github).

The build process is slightly different for both cases: The git repository doesn’t bundle a configure script, so you’ll need to generate it using the buildconf script, which makes use of autoconf. Furthermore the git repository does not contain a pregenerated parser, so you’ll also need to have bison installed.

We recommend to checkout out the source code from git, because this will provide you with an easy way to keep your installation updated and to try your code with different versions. A git checkout is also required if you want to submit patches or pull requests for PHP.

To clone the repository, run the following commands in your shell:

~> git clone http://git.php.net/repository/php-src.git
~> cd php-src

by default you will be on the master branch, which is the current

development version. You can check out a stable branch instead:

~/php-src> git checkout PHP-5.5
If you have issues with the git checkout, take a look at the Git FAQ on the PHP wiki. The Git FAQ also explains how to setup git if you want to contribute to PHP itself. Furthermore it contains instructions on setting up multiple working directories for different PHP versions. This can be very useful if you need to test your extensions or changes against multiple PHP versions and configurations.

Before continuing you should also install some basic build dependencies with your package manager (you’ll likely already have the first three installed by default):

gcc or some other compiler suite.
libc-dev, which provides the C standard library, including headers.
make, which is the build-management tool PHP uses.
autoconf (2.59 or higher), which is used to generate the configure script.
automake (1.4 or higher), which generates Makefile.in files.
libtool, which helps manage shared libraries.
bison (2.4 or higher), which is used to generate the PHP parser.
(optional) re2c, which is used to generate the PHP lexer. As the git repository already contains a generated lexer you will only need re2c if you wish to make changes to it.
On Debian/Ubuntu you can install all these with the following command:

~/php-src> sudo apt-get install build-essential autoconf automake libtool bison re2c
Depending on the extensions that you enable during the ./configure stage PHP will need a number of additional libraries. When installing these, check if there is a version of the package ending in -dev or -devel and install them instead. The packages without dev typically do not contain necessary header files. For example a default PHP build will require libxml, which you can install via the libxml2-dev package.

If you are using Debian or Ubuntu you can use sudo apt-get build-dep php5 to install a large number of optional build-dependencies in one go. If you are only aiming for a default build, many of them will not be necessary though.

Build overview
Before taking a closer look at what the individual build steps do, here are the commands you need to execute for a “default” PHP build:

~/php-src> ./buildconf # only necessary if building from git
~/php-src> ./configure
~/php-src> make -jN
For a fast build, replace N with the number of CPU cores you have available (see grep “cpu cores” /proc/cpuinfo).

By default PHP will build binaries for the CLI and CGI SAPIs, which will be located at sapi/cli/php and sapi/cgi/php-cgi respectively. To check that everything went well, try running sapi/cli/php -v.

Additionally you can run sudo make install to install PHP into /usr/local. The target directory can be changed by specifying a –prefix in the configuration stage:

~/php-src> ./configure –prefix=$HOME/myphp
~/php-src> make -jN
~/php-src> make install
Here $HOME/myphp is the installation location that will be used during the make install step. Note that installing PHP is not necessary, but can be convenient if you want to use your PHP build outside of extension development.

Now lets take a closer look at the individual build steps!

The ./buildconf script
If you are building from the git repository, the first thing you’ll have to do is run the ./buildconf script. This script does little more than invoking the build/build.mk makefile, which in turn calls build/build2.mk.

Both utilities produce their results from the configure.in file (which specifies most of the PHP build process), the acinclude.m4 file (which specifies a large number of PHP-specific M4 macros) and the config.m4 files of individual extensions and SAPIs (as well as a bunch of other m4 files).

The good news is that writing extensions or even doing core modifications will not require much interaction with the build system. You will have to write small config.m4 files later on, but those usually just use two or three of the high-level macros that acinclude.m4 provides. As such we will not go into further detail here.

The ./buildconf script only has two options: –debug will disable warning suppression when calling autoconf and autoheader. Unless you want to work on the buildsystem, this option will be of little interest to you.

The second option is –force, which will allow running ./buildconf in release packages (e.g. if you downloaded the packaged source code and want to generate a new ./configure) and additionally clear the configuration caches config.cache and autom4te.cache/.

If you update your git repository using git pull (or some other command) and get weird errors during the make step, this usually means that something in the build configuration changed and you need to run ./buildconf –force.

The ./configure script
Once the ./configure script is generated you can make use of it to customize your PHP build. You can list all supported options using –help:

~/php-src> ./configure –help | less
The first part of the help will list various generic options, which are supported by all autoconf-based configuration scripts. One of them is the already mentioned –prefix=DIR, which changes the installation directory used by make install. Another useful option is -C, which will cache the result of various tests in the config.cache file and speed up subsequent ./configure calls. Using this option only makes sense once you already have a working build and want to quickly change between different configurations.

Apart from generic autoconf options there are also many settings specific to PHP. For example, you can choose which extensions and SAPIs should be compiled using the –enable-NAME and –disable-NAME switches. If the extension or SAPI has external dependencies you need to use –with-NAME and –without-NAME instead. If a library needed by NAME is not located in the default location (e.g. because you compiled it yourself) you can specify its location using –with-NAME=DIR.

By default PHP will build the CLI and CGI SAPIs, as well as a number of extensions. You can find out which extensions your PHP binary contains using the -m option. For a default PHP 5.5 build the result will look as follows:

~/php-src> sapi/cli/php -m
[PHP Modules]
Core
ctype
date
dom
ereg
fileinfo
filter
hash
iconv
json
libxml
pcre
PDO
pdo_sqlite
Phar
posix
Reflection
session
SimpleXML
SPL
sqlite3
standard
tokenizer
xml
xmlreader
xmlwriter
If you now wanted to stop compiling the CGI SAPI, as well as the tokenizer and sqlite3 extensions and instead enable opcache and gmp, the corresponding configure command would be:

~/php-src> ./configure –disable-cgi –disable-tokenizer –without-sqlite3

–enable-opcache –with-gmp
By default most extensions will be compiled statically, i.e. they will be part of the resulting binary. Only the opcache extension is shared by default, i.e. it will generate an opcache.so shared object in the modules/ directory. You can compile other extensions into shared objects as well by writing –enable-NAME=shared or –with-NAME=shared (but not all extensions support this). We’ll talk about how to make use of shared extensions in the next section.

To find out which switch you need to use and whether an extension is enabled by default, check ./configure –help. If the switch is either –enable-NAME or –with-NAME it means that the extension is not compiled by default and needs to be explicitly enabled. –disable-NAME or –without-NAME on the other hand indicate an extension that is compiled by default, but can be explicitly disabled.

Some extensions are always compiled and can not be disabled. To create a build that only contains the minimal amount of extensions use the –disable-all option:

~/php-src> ./configure –disable-all && make -jN
~/php-src> sapi/cli/php -m
[PHP Modules]
Core
date
ereg
pcre
Reflection
SPL
standard
The –disable-all option is very useful if you want a fast build and don’t need much functionality (e.g. when implementing language changes). For the smallest possible build you can additionally specify the –disable-cgi switch, so only the CLI binary is generated.

There are two more switches, which you should always specify when developing extensions or working on PHP:

–enable-debug enables debug mode, which has multiple effects: Compilation will run with -g to generate debug symbols and additionally use the lowest optimization level -O0. This will make PHP a lot slower, but make debugging with tools like gdb more predictable. Furthermore debug mode defines the ZEND_DEBUG macro, which will enable various debugging helpers in the engine. Among other things memory leaks, as well as incorrect use of some data structures, will be reported.

–enable-maintainer-zts enables thread-safety. This switch will define the ZTS macro, which in turn will enable the whole TSRM (thread-safe resource manager) machinery used by PHP. Writing thread-safe extensions for PHP is very simple, but only if make sure to enable this switch. Otherwise you’re bound to forget a TSRMLS_* macro somewhere and your code won’t build in a thread-safe environment.

On the other hand you should not use either of these options if you want to perform performance benchmarks for your code, as both can cause significant and asymmetrical slowdowns.

Note that –enable-debug and –enable-maintainer-zts change the ABI of the PHP binary, e.g. by adding additional arguments to many functions. As such shared extensions compiled in debug mode will not be compatible with a PHP binary built in release mode. Similarly a thread-safe extension is not compatible with a thread-unsafe PHP build.

Due to the ABI incompatibility make install (and PECL install) will put shared extensions in different directories depending on these options:

$PREFIX/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-API_NO for release builds without ZTS
$PREFIX/lib/php/extensions/debug-non-zts-API_NO for debug builds without ZTS
$PREFIX/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-zts-API_NO for release builds with ZTS
$PREFIX/lib/php/extensions/debug-zts-API_NO for debug builds with ZTS
The API_NO placeholder above refers to the ZEND_MODULE_API_NO and is just a date like 20100525, which is used for internal API versioning.

For most purposes the configuration switches described above should be sufficient, but of course ./configure provides many more options, which you’ll find described in the help.

Apart from passing options to configure, you can also specify a number of environment variables. Some of the more important ones are documented at the end of the configure help output (./configure –help

tail -25).

For example you can use CC to use a different compiler and CFLAGS to change the used compilation flags:

~/php-src> ./configure –disable-all CC=clang CFLAGS=”-O3 -march=native”
In this configuration the build will make use of clang (instead of gcc) and use a very high optimization level (-O3 -march=native).

make and make install
After everything is configured, you can use make to perform the actual compilation:

~/php-src> make -jN # where N is the number of cores
The main result of this operation will be PHP binaries for the enabled SAPIs (by default sapi/cli/php and sapi/cgi/php-cgi), as well as shared extensions in the modules/ directory.

Now you can run make install to install PHP into /usr/local (default) or whatever directory you specified using the –prefix configure switch.

make install will do little more than copy a number of files to the new location. Unless you specified –without-pear during configuration, it will also download and install PEAR. Here is the resulting tree of a default PHP build:

tree -L 3 -F ~/myphp

bin/ contains the SAPI binaries (php and php-cgi), as well as the phpize and php-config scripts. It is also home to the various PEAR/PECL scripts.
etc/ contains configuration. Note that the default php.ini directory is not here.
include/php contains header files, which are needed to build additional extensions or embed PHP in custom software.
lib/php contains PEAR files. The lib/php/build directory includes files necessary for building extensions, e.g. the acinclude.m4 file containing PHP’s M4 macros. If we had compiled any shared extensions those files would live in a subdirectory of lib/php/extensions.
php/man obviously contains man pages for the php command.
As already mentioned, the default php.ini location is not etc/. You can display the location using the –ini option of the PHP binary:

~/myphp/bin> ./php –ini
Configuration File (php.ini) Path: /home/myuser/myphp/lib
Loaded Configuration File: (none)
Scan for additional .ini files in: (none)
Additional .ini files parsed: (none)
As you can see the default php.ini directory is $PREFIX/lib (libdir) rather than $PREFIX/etc (sysconfdir). You can adjust the default php.ini location using the –with-config-file-path=PATH configure option.

Also note that make install will not create an ini file. If you want to make use of a php.ini file it is your responsibility to create one. For example you could copy the default development configuration:

~/myphp/bin> cp ~/php-src/php.ini-development ~/myphp/lib/php.ini
~/myphp/bin> ./php –ini
Configuration File (php.ini) Path: /home/myuser/myphp/lib
Loaded Configuration File: /home/myuser/myphp/lib/php.ini
Scan for additional .ini files in: (none)
Additional .ini files parsed: (none)
Apart from the PHP binaries the bin/ directory also contains two important scripts: phpize and php-config.

phpize is the equivalent of ./buildconf for extensions. It will copy various files from lib/php/build and invoke autoconf/autoheader. You will learn more about this tool in the next section.

php-config provides information about the configuration of the PHP build. Try it out:

~/myphp/bin> ./php-config
Usage: ./php-config [OPTION]
Options:
–prefix [/home/myuser/myphp]
–includes [-I/home/myuser/myphp/include/php -I/home/myuser/myphp/include/php/main -I/home/myuser/myphp/include/php/TSRM -I/home/myuser/myphp/include/php/Zend -I/home/myuser/myphp/include/php/ext -I/home/myuser/myphp/include/php/ext/date/lib]
–ldflags [ -L/usr/lib/i386-linux-gnu]
–libs [-lcrypt -lresolv -lcrypt -lrt -lrt -lm -ldl -lnsl -lxml2 -lxml2 -lxml2 -lcrypt -lxml2 -lxml2 -lxml2 -lcrypt ]
–extension-dir [/home/myuser/myphp/lib/php/extensions/debug-zts-20100525]
–include-dir [/home/myuser/myphp/include/php]
–man-dir [/home/myuser/myphp/php/man]
–php-binary [/home/myuser/myphp/bin/php]
–php-sapis [ cli cgi]
–configure-options [–prefix=/home/myuser/myphp –enable-debug –enable-maintainer-zts]
–version [5.4.16-dev]
–vernum [50416]
The script is similar to the pkg-config script used by linux distributions. It is invoked during the extension build process to obtain information about compiler options and paths. You can also use it to quickly get information about your build, e.g. your configure options or the default extension directory. This information is also provided by ./php -i (phpinfo), but php-config provides it in a simpler form (which can be easily used by automated tools).

Running the test suite
If the make command finishes successfully, it will print a message encouraging you to run make test:

Build complete.
Don’t forget to run ‘make test’
make test will run the PHP CLI binary against our test suite, which is located in the different tests/ directories of the PHP source tree. As a default build is run against approximately 9000 tests (less for a minimal build, more if you enable additional extensions) this can take several minutes. The make test command is currently not parallel, so specifying the -jN option will not make it faster.

If this is the first time you compile PHP on your platform, we encourage you to run the test suite. Depending on your OS and your build environment you may find bugs in PHP by running the tests. If there are any failures, the script will ask whether you want to send a report to our QA platform, which will allow contributors to analyze the failures. Note that it is quite normal to have a few failing tests and your build will likely work well as long as you don’t see dozens of failures.

The make test command internally invokes the run-tests.php file using your CLI binary. You can run sapi/cli/php run-tests.php –help to display a list of options this script accepts.

If you manually run run-tests.php you need to specify either the -p or -P option (or an ugly environment variable):

~/php-src> sapi/cli/php run-tests.php -p pwd/sapi/cli/php
~/php-src> sapi/cli/php run-tests.php -P
-p is used to explicitly specify a binary to test. Note that in order to run all tests correctly this should be an absolute path (or otherwise independent of the directory it is called from). -P is a shortcut that will use the binary that run-tests.php was called with. In the above example both approaches are the same.

Instead of running the whole test suite, you can also limit it to certain directories by passing them as arguments to run-tests.php. E.g. to test only the Zend engine, the reflection extension and the array functions:

~/php-src> sapi/cli/php run-tests.php -P Zend/ ext/reflection/ ext/standard/tests/array/
This is very useful, because it allows you to quickly run only the parts of the test suite that are relevant to your changes. E.g. if you are doing language modifications you likely don’t care about the extension tests and only want to verify that the Zend engine is still working correctly.

You don’t need to explicitly use run-tests.php to pass options or limit directories. Instead you can use the TESTS variable to pass additional arguments via make test. E.g. the equivalent of the previous command would be:

~/php-src> make test TESTS=”Zend/ ext/reflection/ ext/standard/tests/array/”
We will take a more detailed look at the run-tests.php system later, in particular also talk about how to write your own tests and how to debug test failures.

Fixing compilation problems and make clean
As you may know make performs an incremental build, i.e. it will not recompile all files, but only those .c files that changed since the last invocation. This is a great way to shorten build times, but it doesn’t always work well: For example, if you modify a structure in a header file, make will not automatically recompile all .c files making use of that header, thus leading to a broken build.

If you get odd errors while running make or the resulting binary is broken (e.g. if make test crashes it before it gets to run the first test), you should try to run make clean. This will delete all compiled objects, thus forcing the next make call to perform a full build.

Sometimes you also need to run make clean after changing ./configure options. If you only enable additional extensions an incremental build should be safe, but changing other options may require a full rebuild.

A more aggressive cleaning target is available via make distclean. This will perform a normal clean, but also roll back any files brought by the ./configure command invocation. It will delete configure caches, Makefiles, configuration headers and various other files. As the name implies this target “cleans for distribution”, so it is mostly used by release managers.

Another source of compilation issues is the modification of config.m4 files or other files that are part of the PHP build system. If such a file is changed, it is necessary to rerun the ./buildconf script. If you do the modification yourself, you will likely remember to run the command, but if it happens as part of a git pull (or some other updating command) the issue might not be so obvious.

If you encounter any odd compilation problems that are not resolved by make clean, chances are that running ./buildconf –force will fix the issue. To avoid typing out the previous ./configure options afterwards, you can make use of the ./config.nice script (which contains your last ./configure call):

~/php-src> make clean
~/php-src> ./buildconf –force
~/php-src> ./config.nice
~/php-src> make -jN
One last cleaning script that PHP provides is ./vcsclean. This will only work if you checked out the source code from git. It effectively boils down to a call to git clean -X -f -d, which will remove all untracked files and directories that are ignored

Category php